Homologous series
It is noticed that the properties of CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH are very similar, properties are similar because of having same functional group.
But there is difference in their physical property. This changes were because of different number of carbon and number of hydrogen.
Alkane ,alkene,alkyne all three forms series in which there is difference by CH2 or 14 u by mass between consecutive members, this series is known as Homologous series
This can be defined as
The series of compounds having same general formula and differ by 14 u by mass or CH2 between two consecutive members are called Homologous series.
For example:-
CH4. In this series two consecutive C2H5 members are differ by CH2 or 14 u.
C3H8 So this is a homologous series.
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
C7H16
Let consider some physical properties between the homologous series of Alkanes.
- First 4 member of Alkanes are colorless and odour less gases at room temperature. From 5th member to 17th member of this series are colorless liquids, where as members above 17 are waxy solid.
- Boiling point gradually increases with increase in number of CH2
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